| Resumen |
This article develops a systematic literature review with a focus on the optimization of water harvesting through the use of artificial intelligence (AI) applications. These are framed in the search for sustainable solutions to the growing problem of water scarcity in urban environments. The analysis is oriented towards urban resilience and smart water management, incorporating interdisciplinary approaches such as systems thinking to understand the complex dynamics involved in water governance. The results indicate a growing trend in the utilisation of AI in various domains, including demand forecasting, leak detection, and catchment infrastructure optimization. Additionally, the findings suggest its application in water resilience modelling and adaptive urban planning. The text goes on to examine the challenges associated with the integration of technology in urban contexts, including the critical aspects of governance and regulation of AI, water consumption, energy and carbon emissions from the use of this technology, as well as the regulation of water management in digital transformation scenarios. The study identifies the most representative patents that combat the problem, and in parallel proposes lines of research aimed at strengthening the water resilience and sustainability of cities. The strategic role of AI as a catalyst for innovation in the transition towards smarter, more integrated and adaptive water management systems is also highlighted. © 2025 by the authors. |
